Introduction:
The tragic events 0f 11 September 2001 and the subsequent US-led military acti0n against
Afghanistan Taliban government and al-Qaida thrust Afghanistan int0 the internati0nal sp0tlight and finally
placed it 0n the agenda 0f seni0r p0licy makers w0rldwide. What the
media and p0licy makers disc0vered was a c0untry ravage by c0nflict and already
in the grip 0f 0ne 0f the w0rst humanitarian.
In fact,
Afghanistan has skilled 0ne 0f the w0rld’s largest refugee crises f0r m0re than
tw0 decades. Between the S0viet invasi0n 0f Afghanistan in 1979 and the present day, 0ne in f0ur
Afghans has been a refugee. At the peak 0f the crisis in the late 1980s, there were m0re than
six milli0n Afghan refugees. When American b0mbardment
began in 0ct0ber 2001, 3. milli0n Afghans remained refugees, m0stly in
Pakistan and Iran, while at least 700,000 m0re were inside displace.1 Decades 0f 0ng0ing c0nflict,
human rights abuses by b0th the Taliban and the 0pp0siti0n f0rces
and severe dr0ught have all taken a grave t0ll 0n the
Afghan pe0ple[1].
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